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Medieval and Renaissance Studies
The Medieval and Renaissance Studies minor provides an interdisciplinary opportunity for an integrated study of European cultures from the 4th to the 17th centuries. The period, which is essential to an understanding of Western society, can best be approached through a combination of several disciplines. Collaboration by the departments of English, history, and the history of art allows just such a course of study.
In the Middle Ages, after the collapse of the Roman Empire, many of the legacies of ancient Rome were adapted in response to new ideas introduced by the expanding influence of Germanic, Celtic, and Mediterranean cultures. We will focus on the socio-political, economic, and cultural interactions of these cultures throughout the medieval period, during which the linguistic and geographic patterns of Europe we recognize today emerged.
During the Renaissance (c. 1400-1650), Europe experienced a period of cultural renewal stemming from a re-interpretation of Classical ideas. Momentous changes resulted from humanism, the Reformation, the Scientific Revolution, and the Age of Exploration. We will study these historical developments as well as the dramatic transformations in arts, literature, social values, and notions of selfhood that accompanied them.
Acknowledging and questioning the differences that have traditionally been seen as separating the Middle Ages and the
Renaissance makes the examination of both periods more compelling. The Medieval and Renaissance Studies minor complements Sweet Briar College’s commitment to the liberal arts and illustrates the high level and rigorous quality of study available to its students. Also, by acknowledging a student’s concentration in this area, her chance at graduate study in one of these fields is greatly increased. Study abroad is strongly encouraged.
The Medieval and Renaissance Studies Minor
Course Descriptions
The Medieval and Renaissance Studies Minor
(18 semester hours)
Required:
Choose 2 of the following courses from each department listed below. Please be aware of possible prerequisites. At least one course must be at the 300-level in two of the three departments.
Note: If majoring in any of these departments, choose one course from the major department and at least two courses from each of the remaining departments.
English
ENGL 235 (3) Shakespeare
ENGL 236 (3) The English Sonnet
ENGL 239 (3) Old English Language and Literature
ENGL 315 (3) Swords and Shield-maidens: Gender Politics in Medieval Heroic Epic
ENGL 317 (3) History of the English Language
ENGL 319 (3) Chaucer
ENGL 322 (3) Romance and Renewal: Shakespeare and Elizabethan Drama
ENGL 324 (3) Revenge and Ravishment: Shakespeare and Jacobean Drama
ENGL 340 (3) The Sacred and the Profane in the English Renaissance
ENGL 344 (3) Women in the Renaissance
History
HIST 104 (3) Medieval Heroes: Myth or History
HIST 121 (3) Early and Medieval Britain
HIST 127 (3) English History, 1500-1689
HIST 143 (3) Early Modern Europe, 1350-1650
HIST 224 (3) The Medieval West, 400-1350
HIST 308 (3) Encounters, Conquest, and European Expansion: 1350-1650
HIST 321 (3) Studies in Medieval History (may be repeated if topic differs)
HIST 322 (3) Renaissance and Reformation
History of Art
ARTH 204 (3) The Art of Northern Europe, 1400-1600
ARTH 213 (3) Early Renaissance Art in Italy
ARTH 214 (3) High Renaissance and Mannerist Art in Italy
ARTH 217 (3) European Art in the 17th Century
ARTH 235 (3) Early Medieval Art
ARTH 322 (3) Romanesque Art and Architecture
ARTH 336 (3) Studies in Medieval Art and Architecture (may be repeated if topic differs)
ARTH 338 (3) Gothic Art and Architecture
ARTH 340 (3) Topics in Renaissance and Baroque Art
ARTH 341 (3) Seminar: Art and Theory in Renaissance Italy (may be repeated if topic differs)
ARTH 344 (3) Seminar: Art and Theory in Baroque Europe (may be repeated if topic differs)
NOTE: Minors may substitute one of the following courses for one of the six required core courses:
FREN 213 (3) Studies in French Literature I
GRMN 322 (3) German Literature before 1700
MUSC 327 (3) Early Music
PHIL 331 (3) Medieval and Renaissance Philosophy
SPAN 326 (3) Early Spanish Culture: Heritage and Identity
THTR 334 (3) History and Literature of the Theatre of the Middle Ages and Renaissance
The following courses may not be counted toward the minor, but are strongly recommended to complement its focus and content:
Classical languages: Latin and Greek
Romance languages: French, German, and Spanish
RELG 241 (3) Judaism
RELG 244 (3) Christianity
RELG 255 (3) Islam
ARTH 204
Area II, Renaissance and Baroque. Prerequisite: First-year students with permission. An introduction to the art of Northern Europe. Examples of painting, sculpture, architecture, and printmaking produced in the Netherlands, France, and Germany between 1400 and 1600 will be examined. Offered alternate years. V.1, V.6a
ARTH 213
Area II, Renaissance and Baroque. Prerequisite: First-year students with permission. An introduction to the art of the Early Renaissance in Italy. Examples of painting, sculpture, architecture, and printmaking produced in Italy between 1200 and 1500 will be examined. Offered every third semester. V.1, V.6a
ARTH 214
Area II, Renaissance and Baroque. Prerequisite: First-year students with permission. An introduction to the art of the High Renaissance and Mannerist period in Italy. Examples of painting, sculpture, architecture, and printmaking produced in Italy between 1500 and 1600 will be examined. Offered every third semester. V.1, V.6a
ARTH 217
Area II, Renaissance and Baroque. Prerequisite: First-year students with permission. An introduction to the art of Western Europe in the 17th century. Examples of painting, sculpture, architecture, and printmaking produced in Italy, France, Germany, Britain, Spain, and the Netherlands between 1600 and 1700 will be examined in detail. Offered every third semester. V.1, V.6a
ARTH 235
Area I, Ancient and Medieval. Prerequisite: ARTH 115. The art and culture of Europe from the late Roman Empire to the “Year 1000.” Will include an examination of Islamic art and the art of the Byzantine Empire as well as that of Western Europe. Offered alternate years. V.6a
ARTH 322
Area I, Ancient and Medieval. Prerequisite: ARTH 115. A study of the art and architecture of Byzantiam, Islamic cultures, and western Europe from the tenth through the twelfth centuries. Major themes we will consider are monastic life, growing urbanization, pilgrimage, the Crusades, and the role of women in society. Offered alternate years. III.W, V.1, V.6a
ARTH 336
Area I, Ancient and Medieval. Prerequisite: ARTH 115. Selected interdisciplinary topics in medieval art will be studied in depth. Course content will vary from year to year.
ARTH 338
Area I, Ancient and Medieval. Prerequisite: ARTH 115. This course will introduce students to the late medieval world where the arts of cathedral and court were influenced by urbanization, travel, rising levels of literacy, and changes in monarchy and religion. This course will include an examination of Islamic art and the art of the Byzantine Empire as well as that of Western Europe. Offered alternate years. III.W, V.1, V.6a
ARTH 340
Area II, Renaissance and Baroque. Selected topics in renaissance and baroque art will be studied in depth. Course content will vary from year to year.
ARTH 341
Area II, Renaissance and Baroque. Prerequisite: ARTH 116. Using both primary and secondary sources, the seminar will examine Italian Renaissance art in relation to contemporary art theory in the 15th and 16th centuries. Offered alternate years. May be counted as a core course or as an auxiliary course toward the minor in gender studies. V.6a
ARTH 344
Area II, Renaissance and Baroque. Prerequisite: ARTH 116. Using both primary and secondary sources, the seminar will examine Baroque art in relation to contemporary art theory in the 17th and early 18th centuries. Offered alternate years. V.6a
ENGL 235
Prerequisite: First-year students with permission. A study of selected comedies, histories, tragedies, and romances by William Shakespeare with attention to the plays’ cultural and literary context. Topics will vary by semester. Topic for 2012-13: "Supernatural Shakespeare." Witches, fairies, ghosts, and gods: a surprising number of Shakespeare's plays incorporate mystical elements. Indeed, the plays ask us to consider whether the theater itself might be a place where magic can happen. During our course of Shakespeare's plays, we will pay special attention to the representation and use of the supernatural in the works we read. V.2
ENGL 236
Prerequisite: First-year students with permission. A study of the sonnet, arguably the most versatile and enduring poetic form in English. We will read major sonnets and sonnet cycles of the Renaissance, including works by Petrarch (in translation), Wyatt, Sidney, Wroth, Spenser, Shakespeare, Donne, and Milton. We will investigate historical and social trends in the poetry, and we will consider how individual writers adapt the form for their own ends. Finally, we will examine the sonnet's development since its resurgence in the Romantic period. III.O, V.2
ENGL 239
Prerequisite: First-year students with permission. An introductory study of the vocabulary, grammar, and syntax of the Anglo-Saxon language. Because Old English is the linguistic ancestor of Modern English, students will learn some of the foundations of the language they speak as they begin translating prose and poetic texts from the 9th-11th centuries. Students will also consider elements of the Anglo-Saxon culture and poetics as they translate such poems as “The Dream of the Rood,” “Judith,” “The Seafarer,” and portions of “Beowulf.” V.2
ENGL 315
Prerequisite: Sophomores with permission. Though medieval heroic epics focus on (and are often named for) their male heroes, they also include female characters of subtle but essential significance. This course will examine representations of gender and gender roles in medieval heroic literature and how those representations change over time and across cultures, assessing the extent to which the heroes of this genre owe their fame and fates to the unacknowledged heroines with whom they interact. V.2, V.5
ENGL 317
Prerequisite: Sophomores with permission. A study of the continuing development of English words, grammar, and syntax, including sources of vocabulary and changes of form, sound, and meaning. Offered alternate years. V.1
ENGL 319
Prerequisite: Sophomores with permission. A reading of Chaucer’s early dream visions (“The Book of the Duchess” and “The Parlement of Foules”) and “The Canterbury Tales.” Offered alternate years. III.O, V.2
ENGL 322
Prerequisite: Sophomores with permission. An examination of English Renaissance drama before 1603, including early works by Shakespeare and plays by his Elizabethan contemporaries such as Lyly, Greene, Marlowe, Kyd, and Dekker. We will study the increasing secularization and professionalization of theater, the development of comedy and pastoral, and the emergence of revenge tragedy. Both textual analysis and dramaturgy will be emphasized. Offered alternate years. V.2, V.6a
ENGL 324
Prerequisite: Sophomores with permission. An examination of English Renaissance drama after 1603, including late works by Shakespeare and plays by his Jacobean contemporaries such as Jonson, Middleton, Webster, and Ford. We will study the theater’s increasing use of sensationalistic plots and characters as well as the drama’s probing exploration of the individual’s relationship to social authority. Both textual analysis and dramaturgy will be emphasized. Offered alternate years. V.2, V.6a
ENGL 340
Prerequisite: Sophomores with permission. This course will investigate the relationship between the religious and secular realms in Early Modern English literature. We will give particular attention to the uncertain delineations among holy, patriotic, familial, and erotic forms of love in poetry and literary prose. Contexts will include the Protestant Reformation, the Scientific Revolution, the court, colonialism, and the English Civil War. Authors may include Spenser, Sidney, Wroth, Herbert, Donne, Milton, Cavendish, and the Cavalier poets . Offered alternate years. V.2
ENGL 344
Prerequisite: Sophomores with permission. During the time of Shakespeare, the social position of women was both paradoxical and precarious. A woman ruled England, yet women were considered “naturally” inferior to men. In this course, we will examine Early Modern literature written by women- as well as literature written by men about women- that explores women’s various roles in both personal and public Renaissance settings. Offered alternate years. May be counted as a core course toward the minor in gender studies. III.W, V.2, V.5
FREN 213
Prerequisite: FREN 202 or placement. A survey of French Literature from the Middle Ages to the 18th century at the advanced intermediate level. III.W, V.2, V.3
GRMN 322
Prerequisite: One course in German beyond GRMN 202. A study of trends in literature in relation to the social, historical, and religious conditions in Germany from the Middle Ages through the Baroque. Offered alternate years. V.2
HIST 104
Prerequisite: Open to first-year students and sophomores; others by permission of the instructor. We will analyze the historical record concerning six of the most famous figures from medieval Europe: Arthur of Britain, Charlemagne, the Cid, Eleanor of Aquitaine, Francis of Assisi, and Joan of Arc. We will then investigate the legends concerning each, and attempt to separate historical facts from quasi-historical fiction. How much of what we know about these “heroes” is actually true? Offered alternate years. This course cannot be taken on a P/CR/NC grading option. III.W, V.1
HIST 121
This course surveys British history from antiquity to the War of the Roses. Topics include the early Celts and Britons; the Roman occupation; Christianization of the British Isles; Anglo-Saxon Britain, the Norman conquest; and the development of the monarchy, Parliament, and the common law. It also explores historicity of such popular subjects as the Arthurian tales. V.1
HIST 127
A survey of English history under the Tudors and Stuarts, with some attention to Scotland and Ireland as well. The course will begin with an examination of early modern English society, including social relations in local communities and family structure, familial relationships and the position of women. Other topics include: Henry VIII’s “break with Rome,” the Protestant Reformation, assessment of Elizabeth’s abilities as queen, the Civil Wars, Restoration politics and the world of Samuel Pepys. V.1, V.5
HIST 143
An introductory survey of the major themes in European history between the 14th and 17th centuries. Topics include the Black Death; the rise of capitalism; the growth of cities and urban culture; monarchy and state building; the Renaissance; the Reformation and “Wars of Religion;” changing social and structures; and the Scientific Revolution. V.1
HIST 224
This course challenges the perception of the Middle Ages as the “Dark Ages” by introducing the cultural, political, intellectual and religious complexity of the period from the fall of the Roman empire to the Black Death. While focusing geographically on Europe, north Africa and the Near East, it also explores the medieval West in the context of sub-Saharan Africa and China. Offered alternate years. V.1
HIST 308
Prerequisite: HIST 143 or HIST 224. This course probes the economic, scientific, and territorial expansions that both fuelled and resulted from the “rebirth” of western Europe during the early modern era. Topics include Columbus’s voyages to the New World; the Portuguese slave trade in Africa; Italian and Ottoman commercial rivalries in the Mediterranean; Spanish, British and French colonization of the Americas; and Europe’s scientific responses to the new and strange environments being mapped and explored. Offered alternate years. III.W, V.1
HIST 321
Prerequisite: HIST 143. The millennium separating antiquity and the Renaissance witnessed the rise of western Christianity and capitalism, the invention of romantic love, the development of Islamic science, and the Black Death. Topics will alternate: Early Middle Ages or Dark Ages; High Medieval Renaissance(s); Medieval Iberia; The Disastrous Fourteenth Century. Offered alternate years. May be repeated for credit when topic is different. May be counted as an auxiliary course toward the minor in gender studies. May be counted toward the major in Spanish as the one course allowed to be taken in English. III.W, V.5
HIST 322
Prerequisite: HIST 127 or HIST 143. The course will explore the social and cultural context of Renaissance and Reformation thought as well as the ideas and ideals of humanist intellectuals and religious reformers. The study of Renaissance Italy will include such topics as the family, sex and marriage, crime and criminal justice and social structure and politics in the city states as well as humanism and art. The Reformation section will examine traditional Catholicism and popular beliefs, as well as the ideals and goals of Protestant and Catholic reformers, and will assess the reformers’ achievements. The focus of the course may be EITHER Renaissance OR Reformation. Offered alternate years. May be counted as an auxiliary course toward the minor in gender studies. V.5
MUSC 327
Prerequisite: MUSC 157. not open to students who have received credit for MUSC 212 or MUSC 331. A study of vocal and instrumental Western music from the period of Gregorian chant through to the early classical period ca. 1770. Emphasis is placed upon study of stylistic developments in their historical contexts. V.6a
PHIL 331
Prerequisite: One PHIL course. An examination of key thinkers in medieval philosophy and theology - including Islamic, Jewish, and Christian philosopers - as well as thinkers involved in the rise of humanism. Possible figures to be covered include Aquinas, Alfarabi, Averroes, Maimonides, Machiavelli, and Montaigne. V.1
RELG 241
An historical study of the origins and development of Judaism down to the present. The course will deal with Jewish ethics, gender, literature, law, ritual, and notions of history and ethnic identity as they developed in various Jewish communities throughout the world. Offered alternate years. May be counted as an auxiliary course toward the minor in gender studies. III.W, V.1
RELG 244
An historical survey of the development of Christianity from its beginnings in the Greco- Roman empire through its global establishment in the modern era. The focus of the course will be on how Christianity in its literature, rituals, institutional forms, and intellectual traditions changes and develops as it encounters new peoples and new cultures. May be counted as an auxiliary course toward the minor in gender studies. III.W, V.1
RELG 255
An introduction to the “world of Islam”, beginning with an examination of its foundation in the seventh century and concluding with a consideration of issues pertaining to Islam in the modern world. The course will deal with such topics as: Muhammad; the Qur’an; Islamic “Traditions” (hadith) and the “Law” (shariah); the Caliphate; sectarian divisions, especially the Sunni-Shiite schism; Sufi mysticism; Muslim influences on medieval European societies; the Crusades; Islamic art and literature; and the modern resurgence of Islam. Offered alternate years. V.4, V.5
SPAN 326
Prerequisite: SPAN 222. An advanced course in which students read and analyze literary and historical texts that helped to shape the values and sense of Spanish identity as a nation from the early middle ages through the seventeenth century. Topics of discussion will include the impact of multi-culturalism (Islamic, Jewish, Christian), the development of the concept of the hero, the changing role of women, the emergence of the Catholic state, and the rise and decline of Imperial Spain. Offered alternate years. V.2
THTR 334
Prerequisite: Sophomore standing. The history of theatre in the Middle Ages, Elizabethan and Jacobean England, and the Spanish Golden Age. It includes the major genres and playwrights, staging, design, and production arrangements. Representative plays will be read and discussed from each period. Offered alternate years. V.1, V.2



